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Diabetic distal symmetrical peripheral polyneuropathy (DSP) results in decreased somatosensory cortical gray matter volume, indicating that the disease process may produce morphological changes in the brains of those affected. However, no study has examined whether changes in brain volume alter the functional organization of the somatosensory cortex and how this relates to the various painful DSP clinical phenotypes. In this case-controlled, multimodal brain MRI study of 44 carefully phenotyped subjects, we found significant anatomical and functional changes in the somatosensory cortex. Subjects with painful DSP insensate have the lowest somatosensory cortical thickness, with expansion of the area representing pain in the lower limb to include face and lip regions. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between anatomical and functional changes within the somatosensory cortex and severity of the peripheral neuropathy. These data suggest a dynamic plasticity of the brain in DSP driven by the neuropathic process. It demonstrates, for the first time in our knowledge, a pathophysiological relationship between a clinically painful DSP phenotype and alterations in the somatosensory cortex.

Original publication

DOI

10.2337/db18-0509

Type

Journal article

Journal

Diabetes

Publication Date

04/2019

Volume

68

Pages

796 - 806

Keywords

Adult, Case-Control Studies, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetic Neuropathies, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Multimodal Imaging, Somatosensory Cortex