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The cell-surface activation of pro-matrix metalloproteinase 2 (pro-MMP-2) is considered to be critical for cell migration and invasion. Treatment of human uterine cervical fibroblasts with concanavalin A activates pro-MMP-2 on the cell surface by converting it to the 65-kDa form with a minor form of 45 kDa. However, the 65-kDa MMP-2 was inactivated by tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-2 that was bound to the plasma membrane upon concanavalin A treatment. TIMP-2 binds to the plasma membrane through its N-terminal domain by two different modes of interaction as follows: one is sensitive to a hydroxamate (HXM) inhibitor of MMPs and the other is HXM-insensitive. TIMP-2 bound to the membrane in a HXM-insensitive manner, comprising about 40-50% of TIMP-2 on the membrane, is the inhibitor of the cell surface-activated MMP-2. It, however, does not inhibit MMP-3, MMP-9, and the 45-kDa MMP-2 lacking the C-terminal domain. The inhibition of the 65-kDa MMP-2 by TIMP-2 is initiated by the interaction of their C-terminal domains. Subsequently, the MMP-2.TIMP-2 complex is released from the membrane, and the activity of MMP-2 is blocked by TIMP-2. In the presence of collagen types I, II, III, V, or gelatin, the rate of inhibition of the 65-kDa MMP-2 by the membrane-bound TIMP-2 decreased considerably. These results suggest that the pericellular activity of MMP-2 is tightly regulated by membrane-bound TIMP-2 and surrounding extracellular matrix components.

Original publication

DOI

10.1074/jbc.273.38.24360

Type

Journal article

Journal

J Biol Chem

Publication Date

18/09/1998

Volume

273

Pages

24360 - 24367

Keywords

Animals, CHO Cells, Cell Membrane, Cells, Cultured, Collagenases, Concanavalin A, Cricetinae, Enzyme Activation, Female, Fibroblasts, Gelatinases, Humans, Hydroxamic Acids, Kinetics, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, Matrix Metalloproteinase 3, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9, Metalloendopeptidases, Molecular Weight, Recombinant Proteins, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2, Transfection, Uterus