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Tissue damage caused by viral hepatitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Using a mouse model of viral hepatitis, we identified virus-induced early transcriptional changes in the redox pathways in the liver, including downregulation of superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1). Sod1(-/-) mice exhibited increased inflammation and aggravated liver damage upon viral infection, which was independent of T and NK cells and could be ameliorated by antioxidant treatment. Type I interferon (IFN-I) led to a downregulation of Sod1 and caused oxidative liver damage in Sod1(-/-) and wild-type mice. Genetic and pharmacological ablation of the IFN-I signaling pathway protected against virus-induced liver damage. These results delineate IFN-I mediated oxidative stress as a key mediator of virus-induced liver damage and describe a mechanism of innate-immunity-driven pathology, linking IFN-I signaling with antioxidant host defense and infection-associated tissue damage. VIDEO ABSTRACT.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.immuni.2015.10.013

Type

Journal article

Journal

Immunity

Publication Date

17/11/2015

Volume

43

Pages

974 - 986

Keywords

Animals, Antioxidants, Hepatitis, Viral, Animal, Hepatocytes, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Interferon Type I, Killer Cells, Natural, Liver, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxidative Stress, Signal Transduction, Superoxide Dismutase, Superoxide Dismutase-1, T-Lymphocytes, Transcription, Genetic