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BACKGROUND: Sedation with midazolam and meperidine is widely used in transesophageal echocardiography. However, no mean dose is established for each individual case. OBJECTIVE: To correlate the mean midazolam and meperidine doses for proper sedation for transesophageal echocardiography with age range, body surface area, and left ventricular ejection fraction. METHODS: Retrospective study comprising 1,841 patients undergoing sedation based on the Ramsay scale, with a solution containing midazolam 1.5 mg (1.5 ml), meperidine 1 mg (1 ml) and distilled water (7.5 ml). Four age groups were analyzed: G1: < 24 years; G2: 25 to 44 years; G3: 45 to 64 years; and G4: > 65 years. Body surface area was calculated using the formula {[(height x 100)0.725] x (weight(0.425)) x 0.0071}. As regards the left ventricular ejection fraction, two groups were studied: GA: < 55%; and GB: > 55%. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test for the correlation with age and left ventricular ejection fraction, and simple linear correlation for body surface area. RESULTS: As regards age, the mean doses of sedation required were significantly lower in G3 and G4 (p<0.01). The analysis of left ventricular ejection fraction showed that this was significantly lower in GA (p<0.01). The linear correlation coefficient between dose of sedation and body surface area was 0.09 (null). CONCLUSION: The mean dose of sedatives required was lower in older individuals and in those with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. No correlation with body surface area was found.

Original publication

DOI

10.1590/s0066-782x2009001200011

Type

Journal article

Journal

Arq Bras Cardiol

Publication Date

12/2009

Volume

93

Pages

576 - 629

Keywords

Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Analgesics, Opioid, Anesthetics, Intravenous, Body Surface Area, Conscious Sedation, Drug Dosage Calculations, Drug Therapy, Combination, Echocardiography, Transesophageal, Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Hypnotics and Sedatives, Male, Meperidine, Midazolam, Middle Aged, Reference Values, Stroke Volume, Young Adult